利用BeautifulSoup4怎么对XML文件进行解析-创新互联

利用BeautifulSoup4怎么对XML文件进行解析？针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。

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Beautiful Soup 是一个用来从HTML或XML文件中提取数据的Python库，它利用大家所喜欢的解析器提供了许多惯用方法用来对文档树进行导航、查找和修改。

以下是电影《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的一段HTML内容：

我们以此为例，对如何使用BeautifulSoup解析HTML页面内容进行简单入门示例：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 
# 《爱丽丝梦游仙境》故事片段
html_doc = """
<html>
<head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
<p class="story">...</p>
</body>
</html>
"""
 
# 构造解析树
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser")
 
# 美化输出
#soup.prettify())
 
# 获取第一个 title 标签
soup.title
# <title>The Dormouse's story</title>
 
# 获取第一个 title 标签的名称
soup.title.name
# title
 
# 获取第一个 title 标签的文本内容
soup.title.string
# The Dormouse's story
 
# 获取第一个 title 标签的父标签的名称
soup.title.parent.name
# head
 
# 获取第一个 p 标签
soup.p
# <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
 
# 获取第一个 p 标签的 class 属性
soup.p['class']
# ['title']
 
# 获取第一个 a 标签
soup.a
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1">Elsie</a>
 
# 查找所有的 a 标签
soup.find_all('a')
# [<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link2">Lacie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
 
# 获取所有的 a 标签的 href 属性
for link in soup.find_all('a'):
  print(link.get('href'))
# http://example.com/elsie
# http://example.com/lacie
# http://example.com/tillie
 
# 查找 id = link3 的 a 标签
soup.find(id="link3")
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" id="link3">Tillie</a>
 
# 获取解析树的文本内容
print(soup.get_text())
# The Dormouse's story
# 
# The Dormouse's story
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# Elsie,
# Lacie and
# Tillie;
# and they lived at the bottom of a well.
# ...